Filetype
The ignition delay is an important quantity in low temperature combustion concepts where a prolonged ignition delay gives an enhanced fuel-air mixing process, favorable for decreased particulate and NOx emission levels. This article investigates three different low-order physics-based correlation models and their ability to predict the ignition delay for the purpose of model-based controller desig
Ever since the invention of the internal combustion engine, there has been an interest in optimizing the in-cylinder pressure to achieve reliable and efficient work output. With the use of in-cylinder pressure sensors, piezoelectric injector actuation, the possibility of multiple injection events and the increased availability of computation power, cycle-to-cycle, in-cylinder pressure optimization
The implementation of an enhanced modelling approach for fibre-reinforced composites is presented which may, in addition to the directional dependency induced by the fibres, allow the capturing of the fibre-bending stiffness. The theoretical framework is based on the introduction of higher-order gradients of the motion function as additional arguments of the energy function such that size effects
Two sets of ribosome structures have recently led to two different interpretations of what limits the accuracy of codon translation by transfer RNAs. In this review, inspired by this intermezzo at the Ribosome Club, we briefly discuss accuracy amplification by energy driven proofreading and its implementation in genetic code translation. We further discuss general ways by which the monitoring base
The Precambrian inliers of the Anti-Atlas belt across the southern part of Morocco contain numerous mafic dyke and sill swarms, which are thought to represent the erosional remnants of Proterozoic Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). As part of an extended research campaign to date and characterize these LIPs, two amphiboles from one dyke within the Bas-Drâa inlier (western Anti-Atlas) yielded consiste
The Taghdout Group is a passive margin sequence deposited during rifting and break-up of the northern margin of the West African craton (WAC), culminating with the creation of an oceanic basin between the northern edge of the WAC and an unknown terrane. However, the age of this passive margin has been poorly constrained. It was previously thought to be c. 800–1000 Ma on the basis of age of the con
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have generated considerable interest in glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP; gene name GCKR) which is an inhibitor of hepatic glucokinase (GCK), an enzyme that plays a critical role in glucose update and disposal in liver. From the initial discovery of GCKR variants associated with triglyceride and glucose levels through the identification of pleiotropic ass
Increased expression and signalling of WNT5A and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have both been shown to promote melanoma progression. Here, we investigated the proposed existence of a WNT5A-IL-6 positive feedback loop that drives melanoma migration and invasion. First, the HOPP algorithm revealed that the invasive phenotype of cultured melanoma cells was significantly correlated with increased expression of
Background and purpose — The outcome of surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) has been thoroughly evaluated in middle-aged patients, but less so in elderly patients. Patients and methods — With validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and using SweSpine (the national Swedish Spine Surgery Register), we analyzed the preoperative clinical status of LDH patients and the 1-year
3-DOF Gantry Tau is a type of parallel robot, consisting of six struts configured in three clusters, which provides three translational DOFs. It has increasing industrial use in applications where large workspace and high stiffness are required. In fact, the concept of dynamic isotropy, where all the natural frequencies of a system are equal, can be employed in order to effectively optimize the ge
Background: The contribution of kinesiophobia (fear of movement) to the pain experience among older adults has been poorly evaluated. The aim of this study was to study prevalence at baseline, development over a 12-month period and cognitive-affective variables of kinesiophobia in a population-based sample of older adults with chronic pain. Methods: The study included 433 older adults (+65 years)
Background: There is limited knowledge concerning fall-related activity avoidance in people with Parkinson's disease (PD); such knowledge would be of importance for the development of more efficient PD-care and rehabilitation. This study aimed to examine how fall-related activity avoidance relates to a history of self-reported falls/near falls and fear of falling (FOF) as well as to disease severi
Scandinavian is known to have vocative phrases that contain a possessive second person pronoun and a noun, and possibly also one or more adjectives, as in the Norwegian example din lille fjott, which means ‘you little dork’ although din is formally identical to the possessive pronoun for second person singular. In this paper, I will show that possessive predicational vocatives, as I call them, inv
In this paper we revisit the Kolkata Paise Restaurant problem by allowing for a more general (but common) preference of the n customers defined over the set of n restaurants. This generalization allows for the possibility that each pure strategy Nash equilibrium differs from the Pareto efficient allocation. By assuming that n is small and by allowing for mutual interaction across all customers we
Uncultivated field boundaries constitute a significant part of the remaining semi-natural habitat in simplified agricultural landscapes, providing habitats for many grassland species. In Europe, agri-environment schemes (AES) offer incentives to farmers to manage farmland more environmentally friendly. In Sweden, one AES has specifically targeted management of incidental habitats on farmland by pr
We address the issue of bidder ring formation in single and multi-unit Vickrey auctions. We analyze this issue in a bargaining game set up under the assumption that valuation of bidders is commonly known only amongst themselves. In the single unit case, we show that the equilibrium coalition structure can only be an order preserving r-ring , that includes the winner and the top (r−1)(r−1) losers.
Numerical simulation of numerous mm/cm-sized particles embedded in a gaseous disk has become an important tool in the study of planet formation and in understanding the dust distribution in observed protoplanetary disks. However, the mutual drag force between the gas and the particles can become so stiff - particularly because of small particles and/or strong local solid concentration - that an ex
Proteoglycans are key components of the cartilage extracellular matrix and essential for normal tissue function. The core protein and the glycosaminoglycan chains both contribute to function and provide different properties of the individual proteoglycans. This review is focused on the two main families of cartilage proteoglycans.The first of these is the lectican family, including aggrecan, versi
Objective. To study the change in the modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma (mHAMIS) test from early to advanced stages of systemic sclerosis (SSc), and the relationship between mHAMIS and skin involvement during followup. Methods. This retrospective study includes 65 patients with baseline disease duration of . 3 years who were assessed with the mHAMIS test at baseline and at 1 or 2 predefined fo
In fMRI studies with evoked activity, brain activity is detected by voxel-wise GLM tting, followed by statistical hypothesis testing. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM), one of the most popular classical methods, relies upon Gaussian smoothing to deal with the multiple-comparison correction. As an alternative, we have recently introduced a graph-based framework for fMRI brain activation mapping
