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PLS-Optimal: A Stepwise D-Optimal Design Based on Latent Variables

Several applications, such as risk assessment within REACH or drug discovery, require reliable methods for the design of experiments and efficient testing strategies. Keeping the number of experiments as low as possible is important from both a financial and an ethical point of view, as exhaustive testing of compounds requires significant financial resources and animal lives. With a large initial

Investigation of the exogenous factors affecting the design analysis process

Computer-based design analysis activities are an essential part of most product development projects in industry. An effective integration of the analysis activity into the product development process is therefore very valuable. The current work shows that design analysis activities are constrained and influenced by many elements from their working environment. Factors exogenous to the design anal

Disentangling the effects of land-use change, climate and CO2 on projected future European habitat types

AimTo project the potential European distribution of seven broad habitat categories (needle-leaved, broad-leaved, mixed and mediterranean forest, urban, grassland and cropland) in order to assess effects of land use, climate change and increase in CO2 on predicted habitat changes up to the year 2050. LocationEurope. MethodWe modelled the response of European vegetation to changes in land use, clim

Thermal Polymorphism and Decomposition of Y(BH4)(3)

The structure and thermal decomposition of Y(BH4)(3) is studied by in situ synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction (SR-PXD), B-11 MAS NMR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry). The samples were prepared via a metathesis reaction between LiBH4 and YCl3 in different molar ratios mediated by ball milling. A new high temperature polymo

Mass transfer resistance in a liquid-phase microextraction employing a single hollow fiber under unsteady-state conditions

In this study, the mass transport resistance in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) in a single hollow fiber was investigated. A mathematical model has been developed for the determination of the overall mass transfer coefficient based on the acceptor phase in an unsteady state. The overall mass transfer coefficient in LPME in a single hollow fiber has been estimated from time-dependent concentrat

Dark Photoswitching Induces Coulomb Blockade Diamond Collapse

A derivative of the photochromic molecule dihydroazulene (DHA) undergoes bias-induced switching into its vinylheptafulvene (VHF) conformation when inserted into a silver junction. This dark switching mechanism, which induces a collapse of the Coulomb blockade diamonds, is explained by quantum calculations on the molecular transport junction. Analysis of the nonequilibrium populations of molecular

Dietary acrylamide intake of adults in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition differs greatly according to geographical region

Methodological differences in assessing dietary acrylamide (AA) often hamper comparisons of intake across populations. Our aim was to describe the mean dietary AA intake in 27 centers of 10 European countries according to selected lifestyle characteristics and its contributing food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. In this cross-sectional ana

Problematizing ‘relevance’ in the business school: the case of leadership studies

In recent years, the discourse of ‘relevance’ has risen to prominence in the university-based business school. At the heart of this discourse is the suggestion that management researchers should align their research practices more closely with the needs of practitioners in external organizations. One important but under-researched strand of this debate focuses on the way in which ‘relevance’ is pu

Cerebrospinal fluid tau and amyloid-β1-42 in patients with dementia.

Progressive cognitive decline in combination with a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker pattern of low levels of amyloid-β1-42 and high levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau is typical of Alzheimer's disease. However, several neurodegenerative disorders may overlap with Alzheimer's disease both in regards to clinical symptoms and neuropathology. In a uniquely large cohort of dementia patients, we e

Search for Gluinos in Events with Two Same-Sign Leptons, Jets, and Missing Transverse Momentum with the ATLAS Detector in pp Collisions at root s=7 TeV

A search is presented for gluinos decaying via the supersymmetric partner of the top quark using events with two same-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum. The analysis is performed with 2: 05 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess beyond the standard model expectation is observed, and exclusion limi

Estimation of heritability, evolvability and genetic correlations of two pollen and pistil traits involved in a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity in Collinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae).

Background and Aims: Heritable genetic variation is crucial for selection to operate, yet there is a paucity of studies quantifying such variation in interactive male/female sexual traits, especially those of plants. Previous work on the annual plant Collinsia heterophylla, a mixed-mating species, suggests that delayed stigma receptivity is involved in a sexual conflict: pollen from certain donors

Ion distribution in quaternary ammonium functionalized aromatic polymers: effects on the ionic clustering and conductivity of anion exchange membranes

A series of copoly(arylene ether sulfone)s having precisely two, three or four quaternary ammonium (QA) groups clustered directly on single phenylene rings along the backbone are studied as anion exchange membranes. The copolymers are synthesized via condensation polymerizations involving either di-, tri- or tetramethylhydroquinone, followed by virtually complete benzylic bromination using N-bromo

Rotated domain network in graphene on cubic-SiC(001)

The atomic structure of the cubic-SiC(001) surface during ultra-high vacuum graphene synthesis has been studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction. Atomically resolved STM studies prove the synthesis of a uniform, millimeter-scale graphene overlayer consisting of nanodomains rotated by +/- 13.5 degrees relative to the < 110 >-directed boundaries. The pref