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The density of parasympathetic axons is reduced in the exocrine pancreas of individuals recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes

To elucidate the etiology of type 1 diabetes, the affected pancreas needs to be thoroughly characterized. Pancreatic innervation has been suggested to be involved in the pathology of the disease and a reduction of sympathetic innervation of the islets was recently reported. In the present study, we hypothesized that parasympathetic innervation would be altered in the type 1 diabetes pancreas. Huma

Glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide : effects alone and in combination on insulin secretion and glucose disappearance in mice

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) stimulate insulin secretion. They are both released after meal ingestion, and therefore they might cooperate in their actions. However, whether there is a cooperative action of the two incretins is not known. This study therefore investigated the effects on insulin secretion and glucose disappearance of GLP-1 and GI

Multicenter patch testing with methylchloroisothizoline/methylisothiazolinone in 100 and 200 ppm within the international contact dermatitis research group

Background: The preservative methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) is a well-known contact sensitizer. Historically, there have been different opinions on the optimal patch test concentration of MCI/MI, and both 0.01% and 0.02% aqueous (aq.) have been proposed. In 2011, based on literature reviews, it was recommended that the concentration of 0.02% aq. should be used in the in

Long-term safety of once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency : a phase 3b, open-label, extension study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term safety and tolerability of a once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) tablet as oral glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (AI).DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, multicenter, 5-year extension study of DR-HC conducted at five university clinics in Sweden.METHODS: Seventy-one adult patients diagnosed with prima

Multicenter patch testing with methylisothiazolinone and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone within the international contact dermatitis research group

Background: The preservatives methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and MI are well-known contact sensitizers. Recently, an increase in the contact allergy frequency for MI 0.2% aqueous (aq) has been seen in many European countries paralleled with an increase in MCI/MI allergy. Many of the MI-allergic patients do not react to MCI/MI 0.01% or 0.02% because the concentration of

Posttraumatic bone marrow lesion volume and knee pain within 4 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament injury

Context: After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, a majority of patients have a traumatic bone marrow lesion (BML, or bone bruise). The clinical relevance of posttraumatic lesions remains unclear. Objective: To explore the cross-sectional associations between traumatic BML volume and self-reported knee pain and symptoms among individuals within 4 weeks of ACL injury. Design: Cross-section

Association between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma neurodegeneration biomarkers with brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease

The aggregation and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides into plaques is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is followed by different aspects of neurodegeneration that can be measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or plasma using neurofilament light (NFL), neurogranin (Ng), total Tau (T-Tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-Tau) levels. The relationship between these biomarkers and reg

A practical method for measuring the ion exchange capacity decrease of hydroxide exchange membranes during intrinsic degradation

In this work we present a practical thermogravimetric method for quantifying the IEC (ion exchange capacity) decrease of hydroxide exchange membranes (HEMs) during intrinsic degradation mainly occurring through nucleophilic attack of the anion exchanging group by hydroxide ions. The method involves measuring weight changes under controlled temperature and relative humidity. These conditions are cl

Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass

Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one si

Reduced fusion systems over 2-groups of small order

We prove, when S is a 2-group of order at most 29, that each reduced fusion system over S is the fusion system of a finite simple group and is tame. It then follows that each saturated fusion system over a 2-group of order at most 29 is realizable. What is most interesting about this result is the method of proof: we show that among 2-groups with order in this range, the ones which can be Sylow 2-

The influence of 134Cs on the 137Cs gamma-spectrometric peak-to-valley ratio and improvement of the peak-to-valley method by limiting the detector field of view

The peak-to-valley method was investigated under laboratory conditions and in situ with respect to both 134Cs perturbation of the 137Cs valley and use of collimation. The 134Cs perturbation is significant down to 134Cs:137Cs activity ratios of 1:100. In these cases the full energy peaks from 134Cs (796 and 802 keV) and associated valley should be used instead of the peak and valley from the 137Cs

Centrality dependence of the pseudorapidity density distribution for charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

We present the charged-particle pseudorapidity density in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV in centrality classes measured by ALICE. The measurement covers a wide pseudorapidity range from −3.5 to 5, which is sufficient for reliable estimates of the total number of charged particles produced in the collisions. For the most central (0–5%) collisions we find 21400±1300, while for the most peripheral

Parametric Analysis of the Effect of Pilot Quantity, Combustion Phasing and EGR on Efficiencies of a Gasoline PPC Light-Duty Engine

In this paper, a parametric analysis on the main engine calibration parameters applied on gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is performed. Theoretically, the PPC concept permits to improve both the engine efficiencies and the NOx-soot trade-off simultaneously compared to the conventional diesel combustion. This work is based on the design of experiments (DoE), statistical approach, and i

A Concept in Search of a Principle : An Analysis of the Origins and Development of the Contested Notion of Self-Determination in International Law

Employing a socio-legal approach that draws on Bourdieuian studies of law, this study critically examines self-determination’s status as a norm of international activity by tracing the manner in which it has been articulated and transformed by a number of key actors, the empirical and theoretical tensions accompanying its trajectory, and the negotiations and interactive contestations that lie outs

Short- and long-term responses of nourishments : Barra-Vagueira coastal stretch, Portugal

Dredged material resulting from deepening and maintenance activities of the Aveiro Harbor inlet channel, northwestern coast of Portugal, has been used to mitigate the erosion trend recorded on nearby beaches (from Barra to Costa Nova Beach) through direct placement of sand by using standard dredge equipment. The disposal activities of dredged material have been undertaken at two main sites: betwee