Background: Sex workers have high incidences of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Although, interventions targeting sex workers have shown to be effective, evidence on which strategies are most cost-effective is limited. This study aims to systematically review evidence on the cost-effectiveness of sexual health interventions for sex workers on a global level. It also evaluates the qual

An adverse intrauterine environment is associated with long-term physiological changes in offspring. These are believed to be mediated by epigenomic marks, including DNA methylation (DNAm). Changes in DNAm are often interpreted as damage or plastic responses of the embryo. Here, we propose that stochastic DNAm variation, generated during remodeling of the epigenome after fertilization, contributes

Is there an interreligious potential in the way we approach death and eschatology? Christian eschatology often suggests a unity that puts an end to religious otherness. It is difficult to find explicit, appreciative statements of any kind of otherness in many eschatologies. Given this situation, how can a Christian eschatology articulate hospitality and room for the religious Other as other? And w

The heat of reaction of mercury diphenyl with hydrogen chloride in benzene solvent has been measured at 25°C. The heat of reaction of mercury diphenyl with mercuric chloride in methanol solvent has also been measured. From these heats of reaction, the heat of formation of mercury diphenyl has been derived: ΔHf° (Hgφ2, cryst.) = 65.4 ± 2 kcal/mole. Previous data on the heats of reaction of mercury

Chromosome analysis of lymphoma cells was performed in 54 untreated patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). 10 patients had a history of daily occupational handling of organic solvents for at least 1 year (exposed group) and 44 patients had never (or only for shorter periods) worked with solvents (unexposed group). There were no differences between exposed and unexposed patients regarding age,

Cholecystectomy has been connected with an increase in colorectal, breast and reproductive system cancers. On 472 patients, 398 women and 74 men, cholecystectomized during the years 1951 to 1955, cancer incidence was investigated. Our results show an elevated risk of breast cancer in the female group (P = 0.016), but no significant increased risk in colorectal or gynaecologic cancer. The risk for

The C‐band heterochromatin polymorphism of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 was studied in lymphocytes from 52 lung cancer patients and 183 control persons. No significant differences between the controls and patients were found regarding heterochromatin block size, the frequency of partial and total inversions, or the symmetry/asymmetry pattern.

In southern Sweden during the 1960s, women began to use oral contraceptives (OCs) extensively at a young age. This case-control study investigates the relationship between the use of OCs and breast cancer development in women in southern Sweden diagnosed in the early 1980s. The risk for breast cancer after OC use among premenopausal women was modeled, after adjustment was made for age, age at mena

The concept of institutional risk is defined as the risk that the regulator will not meet its organizational and policy objectives. The counterpart of institutional risk is societal risk, that is, the risks in society that regulators are entrusted to manage. In recent decades risk management has for various reasons become an attractive solution for societal regulation on all levels. Despite this s

A novel dynamic mathematical microelectrode model (a model of solvent and solute kinetics in electrolyte-filled microelectrodes) was deduced from experimental observations made on standard (single-barrelled, 3.0 M KCl-filled, approximately 10 M[ohm]) electrodes using (a) electrodiffusion, electro-osmosis, and continuity equations that were placed into the constraints of electrode geometry, and (b)

Experiments were performed to characterize the so-called leak current of the slowly adapting stretch receptor neurone of the European lobster with respect to its ionic basis, its kinetics and its pharmacology. Estimates of the leak current were obtained by subtraction of a Na-K pump current and of an unspecific impalement current from a non-dynamic ('instantaneous') current, recorded in a voltage

The electrochemical and electrical properties of geometrically defined electrolyte-filled microelectrodes were studied at various transelectrode current passages, using radiotracer (38Cl and 42K) and electrical techniques. Geometrically, the electrodes were defined by their tip properties that, for standard (single-barrelled, 3.0 M KCl-filled, approximately 10 M[ohm]) electrodes implied a tip open

In Islamic Modernities in Southeast Asia, Leonie Schmidt provides a thorough analysis of contemporary Islamic-themed popular and visual cultures, mainly in Indonesia. This book is an essential read for those who wish to understand multiple modernities unfolding in post-1998 Indonesia (the Reformasi era). By using the term Islamic, she refers to any ‘cultural practices that are considered bernafask

Surgical site infections (SSIs) in dermatologic surge- ry contribute to unwanted healthcare costs and are complications that cause su ering in patients. The aim of this thesis was to explore clinical, diagnos- tic, and pathogenic aspects of SSIs in dermatologic surgery.In study I, we examined bacterial dynamics during normal wound healing and SSIs. We found that quantifying bacteria from wounds wa

Ecological intensification may reduce environmental externalities of agriculture by harnessing biodiversity to benefit regulating ecosystem services. However, to propose management options for the production of such services, there is a need to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of net effects between ecosystem services and disservices provided by wild organisms across taxonomic groups in rela