This paper studies nationalism within radical europarties. Europarties are in turn parties at the European level which consist of multiple national parties. More specifically I am examining if nationalism can be found in both radical leftwing and rightwing europarties and if the nationalism increases the further out on the political spectrum the party position itself. Furthermore I study if there

In recent years the public's interest in beekeeping has increased. In relation to alarming news about pollinators declining globally, honeybees and beekeeping has been proposed as a part of the solution through their contribution to biodiversity and pollination. Alongside this idea there are critical voices that suggest that honeybees for different reasons has limitations as a part of the solu

Diskussionen om vem som ska få vara en del av den demokratiska beslutsprocessen har varit aktuell sedan demokratins födelse. Vilka medborgare som setts som fullvärdiga har varierat beroende på tid och plats. Begränsningar har, bland annat, gjorts baserat på kön, inkomst och ålder. Idag i Sverige är ålder den enda omfattande begränsningen av rösträtten som finns kvar för svenska medborgare. Den senThe discussion about who should be able to take part in the democratic process has been relevant since democracy was in its infancy. Which citizens has had full rights has varied depending on the time and place. Limitations has been based on, among other things, sex, income, and age. At the moment, in Sweden, age is the only substantial limitation of the right to vote for swedish citizens. The las

When parties compete in European elections what issue do they prioritize? That is the question this text aims to answer. It does so by focusing on two well established theories of voter behavior, namely issue ownership and issue salience. What complicates matters is that European elections are considered second-order, meaning that they are not considered as important as elections for national parl

This thesis seeks to find the most frequently bespoken ideas in the debate about introducing a recommended retirement age as well as increasing the age limits in the Swedish pension system. The topic is of great relevance and interest since the legislative proposal will have an effect on most Swedes as they eventually will retire from their working lives. The thesis aims to reach a deeper understa

Förbudet mot missbruk av dominerande ställning, och därigenom förbudet för dominerande bolag att vidta underprissättning, återfinns i EU:s grundläggande fördrag samt i svensk rätt. Förbudet är tydligt formulerat och det indikerar inte att det finns någon form av tillåten underprissättning för dominerande bolag. I svensk doktrin har det dock vuxit fram en uppfattning om att vissa former av underpThe prohibition against abuse of a dominant position, and thereby the prohibition against predatory pricing, is regulated in both the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and in the Swedish Competition Act. The prohibition is clearly formulated and it does not indicate that there is any form of undercutting that is allowed for companies in a dominant position. In Swedish literature of

Gränsen mellan spel- och tävlingsvinster kan vara svår att dra, men det är ack så viktigt att den dras korrekt. Skatterättsligt skiljer sig nämligen behandlingen av de båda vinstformerna åt markant, där tävlingsvinster som huvudregel beskattas av vinnaren. Spelvinster medför däremot inte någon individbeskattning, utan här får istället arrangören vara den bidragande aktören. Avvägningen mellan spelThe line between gambling and competition wins can be difficult to draw, but it is important that it is drawn correctly. In fact, tax law differs significantly in the treatment of the two forms of profit, where competition winnings are, as a general rule, taxed by the winner. Gambling winnings on the other hand, do not entail any individual taxation. Here, the organizer is instead the contributing

Idrott är ett fenomen som ofta karakteriseras av sin förmåga att verka sammanförande på ett globalt plan. Som utgångpunkt bör idrotten vara en zon fredad från politiska inslag och diskriminering. Även om denna bild av fair-play och god sammanhållning är eftersträvad så är det inte sällan som olika motstående intressen tränger sig in på idrottens område och det är inte heller sällsynt att enskilda Sport is a phenomenon that is often characterized by uniting people on a global level. The foundation of sports should be a zone protected from political restrictions and discriminating behavior. Even though it is this image of fair-play and unity that should be sought, it is not uncommon for various opposing interests to influence the field of sports. Often it is the individual practitioners who

The aim of this paper is to describe the self-perception of the European Commission in terms of ideas portrayed in text of Political Guidelines formulated by three different Presidencies. The thesis analyses the Political Guidelines as formulated by three different European Commission Presidents; José Manuel Barrosso, Jean-Claude Juncker and Ursula von der Leyen. It uses a qualitative idea-analysi

En advokat bär på kontraktsrättslig grund ett ansvar gentemot sin klient. Om advokaten vållar sin klient skada genom oaktsamhet ska denne ersätta klienten för skadan. Det finns inte någon särskild lag som klargör skadeståndsansvaret för advokater men på bara de senaste två åren har Högsta Domstolen prövat två mål som handlar om advokaters skadeståndsansvar gentemot sina klienter. FörutsättningarA lawyer is, under contract law, liable to his client for any damage caused as a result of careless consulting. If the lawyer causes his client harm through negligence, he must compensate the client for the damage. There is no specific Swedish law that clarifies liability for lawyers, but in the last two years, the Supreme Court has tried two cases that deal with lawyers' liability towards the

Studiens syfte är att undersöka och förstå svenska regeringens skilda biståndspolitiska agerande gentemot länderna Uganda och Tanzania, vars regeringar under 2010-talet öppet diskriminerat, förföljt och föreslagit hårdare lagstiftning för hbtq-personer. När Sverige 2014 valde att frysa biståndet till Uganda till följd av den anti-homosexualitetslag, som innebar hårdare straff för hbtq-personer i l

This thesis is a contribution within the field of climate governance. In the paper I examine what kind of govermentality that characterize different initiative of climate governance of the airline industry in Sweden. In the essay the concept of govermentality is defined and an attempt at understanding neoliberalism is made, as neoliberalism plays an important role in the understanding of governanc

Flyktingkrisen 2015 innebar en ökad invandring till Sverige och i samband med den krävdes en lagreform för att skapa en jämnare fördelning av nyanlända invandrare mellan landets kommuner. Detta resulterade i att bosättningslagen trädde i kraft i mars 2016. Den nya lagen innebär en skyldighet för kommuner att numera efter anvisning av en länsstyrelse årligen ta emot ett antal nyanlända invandrare oThe refugee crisis in 2015 meant increased immigration to Sweden and in conjunction with it, a reform of the legislation was required to create a more even distribution of newly arrived immigrants among the country's municipalities. This resulted in the Housing Act coming into effect in March 2016. The new law stipulates an obligation for municipalities to annually receive a number of newly ar

The products produced in rich countries are very different from the products produced in poor countries. Why? Unreliable electricity is often cited as one of the main challenges facing industrial production in less developed economies. In this paper, I connect these two observations by linking interruptions in the production environment to the sophistication of the production output. Using a data

Biogas istället för diesel i lastbilarna - Varför inte? Det är bråttom att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser i samhället om vi ska kunna motverka klimatförändringarna och undvika de allvarliga konsekvenser som mänskligheten och ekosystem riskerar att drabbas av. En stor utmaning i Sverige är att byta ut dieseln i alla lastbilar som rullar på våra vägar. Kanske kan biogas vara den klimatsmarta lösnIn order to counteract the ongoing climate change, fossil fuels must be replaced with renewable alternatives in all sectors of society. The transport system is one of Sweden’s most important fossil dependent branches to redirect in this regard. Research suggests that biogas is a renewable alternative that in comparison with other biofuels seem to have a substantial potential and environmental adva

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ESG ratings on firm’s credit ratings for real estate investment trusts in the USA. Through a quantitative research methodology, a panel data regression analysis is used in order to examine the effect of ESG rating on firms’ credit ratings. The sample used in our study consists of a set of unbalanced panel data consisting of 3,470 firm-month

Sea surface temperature and salinity are important variables for understanding many ocean and climate processes. They can be measured both by in situ sensors and satellite remote sensing, each method with its own advantages and disadvantages. Satellite data provides unmatched spatial and temporal coverage on a global scale, but is limited by its spatial resolution which cannot always resolve varia

Abstract of chapter 1 For n >= 2 the number of mixing n-step subshifts of finite type (sft) over the alphabet {0, 1} is proven to be at least 15/16 times the number of transitive n-step sfts. A conjecture assumes the latter to be at least 2^(3*2^(n-1)-n). Abstract of chapter 2 The alternating colouring function is defined. Strings over the alphabet {0, 1} are divided in colourable and non-colouraImagine an of characters A and B. Such can be thought of as a paper strip with As and Bs written on it, one end of which one holds in the hand while the other stretches over the horizon without ever ending. Or as a calculator that displays a new character each second. Or as a printer with an infinite amount of paper and ink that unfortunately only prints As and Bs. In contrast to infinite strings

EU:s statsstödsregler är en del av EU-rätten som har haft stor inflytelse i konkurrenspolitiken bland medlemsländerna. Sverige har under sina 25 års medlemskap inom EU har påverkats och det berör dessutom kommunernas handlingsmöjligheter med att sälja offentliga markområden eller fastigheter till privata aktörer. Denna uppsats kommer att fokusera sig på otillåtna kommunala överlåtelser som anses sEU’s State Aid rules are a part of the EU law that have had great influence in the competition politics amongst the member states of the EU. Sweden has been highly affected by these rules during its 25 years membership in the EU, and it is affecting the ability for the municipalities to sell public land or buildings to private actors. This thesis is going to mainly focus on the unauthorized transf

Media shapes the public´s perceptions of social problems and how we understand the people affected by them. This study investigates the shaping of dual diagnosis, a concept that refers to the co-occurrence of a mental illness and substance use, a phenomena that has gained increased prominence in the last decades. While those suffering from dual diagnosis rarely have their voices heard in research,