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Heat transfer losses are one of the largest loss contributions in a modern internal combustion engine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the contribution of the piston bowl type and swirl ratio to heat losses and performance. A commercial CFD tool is used to carry out simulations of four different piston bowl geometries, at three engine loads with two different swirl ratios at each load point.

The excavations of one of the plots in the Black Earth at Birka revealed an unusually large number of objects associated with long-distance eastern contacts. Among the objects was a Volga Bulgarian pot and a hoard containing Volga Bulgarian imitations of dirhams. The surprisingly high proportion of Volga Bulgarian coins in the hoard indicates that the person(s) who lived on the plot in the mid ten

The generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is a two-parameter family of distributions which can be used to model exceedances over a threshold. We compare the empirical coverage of some standard bootstrap and likelihood-based confidence intervals for the parameters and upper p-quantiles of the GPD. Simulation results indicate that none of the bootstrap methods give satisfactory intervals for small s

This chapter is intended as a background on natural photosynthesis for those interested in artificial photosynthesis. It describes how light is used for creating positive and negative charges, and how these charges are transferred through the molecular assemblies in the membranes. Next, the chapter also describes how the charge transport leads to creation of a pH difference across the photosynthet

Bone and soft tissue tumors (BSTT) belong to a diverse group of solid tumors of mesenchymal origin, with a large number of histological types affecting individuals of all ages. The general aim of the present thesis (Articles I-V) was to investigate in detail the genetic aberrations in selected subtypes of benign and malignant BSTT. Aberrations identified by chromosome banding analysis were studied

The sensitivity of biosensors can be increased substantially by incorporation in a substrate recycling scheme. Based on the amplification of NAD+/NADH by the recycling reaction catalyzed by glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) and diaphorase, NAD+/NADH can be determined amperometrically with around 1000 times higher sensitivity than for the substrate sensing mode. The sensitivity of enzyme electrodes were

The general aim of this thesis was to study how memorial places and objects serve as links and meeting points between the bereaved and their conceptions and memories of the departed. This has been examined in several different ways, from various viewpoints, and placed in different contexts and periods in time. The general result is that there are several and complementary ways through which materi

riskhantering, krishantering och lärande, tekniska infrasystems sårbarhet, risk- och sårbarhetsanalys, krishanteringssystem

The numbers of Somali immigrants in Sweden has increased during the last years and there is a need of more competence for teaching Swedish as a second language to this group.Star This paper investigates aspects of difficulties in the pronunciation of Swedish for Somali speakers. Recordings of two Somali speakers living in Sweden have been analyzed and it is obvious that there are pronunciation dif

Kan man göra sig en bild av Gud? För de första kristna som levde i en värld fylld av gudabilder var frågan mycket konkret. Trycket från omvärlden på att namnge och synligt presentera den kristne guden var starkt. Men hur skulle man kunna avbilda den som intet öga sett, den som inte låter sig avbildas? Hur tala om den som inget öra hört, den som är ofattbar? De här samlade artiklarna från det sjätt