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Introduction Risk management in enterprises, organisations and companies has had a long and complicated history. During the eighties, and at least during the beginning of the nineties, the notion concerning risk management was that if an accident happened in an otherwise perfect system it was due to the human operator in some way being the cause of the error. The cause for the accidents was desc
This paper examines the determinants of hip fracture costs and further evaluates potential savings in costs when the occurrence of hip fracture is prevented. The costs of hip fracture are comprised of direct costs from health care and the social welfare system. Data were collected for 1,080 postmenopausal women admitted from private residence for primary hip fracture surgery during the year of 199
Biomedical research projects involving multiple partners from public and private sectors require coherent internal governance mechanisms to engender good working relationships. The DIRECT project is an example of such a venture, funded by the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking (IMI JU). This paper describes the data access policy that was developed within DIRECT to support data acce
Paying privately for childcare is a growing phenomenon, and its rise in Sweden is particularly interesting because of the vast prevalence there of publicly funded day care. This book combines family practice and childhood studies theory with the personal perspectives of nannies and au pairs, parents, and the children themselves, to provide new understandings of what constitutes ‘good care’. The au
Detailed phenotyping is required to deepen our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind genetic associations. In addition, the impact of potentially modifiable risk factors on disease requires analytical frameworks that allow causal inference. Here, we discuss the characteristics of Recall-by-Genotype (RbG) as a study design aimed at addressing both these needs. We describe two broad scen
Metformin is eliminated through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion in the kidneys. New guidelines recommend use of metformin down to a GFR of 30 mL/min under the condition that the dose is adjusted. As the risk of inducing lactic acidosis is very low in connection with administration of iodine contrast media, new recommendations in Sweden say that metformin must be stopped only when GFR iTreatment with metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus-new routines when renal function is reduced and in connection with administration of iodine contrast media Metformin is eliminated through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion in the kidneys. New guidelines recommend use of metformin down to a GFR of 30 mL/min under the condition that the dose is adjusted. As the risk of inducing lactic a
We studied the biomarker patterns related to axonal injury, astrogliosis and amyloid metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children and adolescents with mitochondrial encephalopathy and identified correlations with phenotype and survival outcome. Forty-six pediatric patients with genetically verified mitochondrial encephalopathy and twenty-two controls investigated at the Queen Silvia Childre
This article is contributing to the future of copyright law debate by exploring the recently harmonised originality standard in the EU copyright law and its suitability to a creative sharing community of Wikipedia. It shows that the “free creative choices” and “author’s personal” touch criteria established by the CJEU might be unsuitable not only because of practical concerns, but also because the
Størling and colleagues hypothesise in this issue (Diabetologia DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3045-3 ) that post-translational modification (PTM) of autoantigens might create tissue-specific neo-epitopes that could trigger type 1 diabetes. Data on PTM of islet autoantigens are scarce and readers should not believe that the PTM hypothesis is supported by strong experimental evidence. The proposed genetic
