Inkomsterna är högre i städerna än på landsbygden. Samtidigt kan det vara dyrare att bo i städer och för den som bor på landsbygden kan resekostnader var höga. Detta väcker en viktig fråga: Är skillnaden mellan städer och landsbygd mindre när man tar hänsyn till skillnader i boende- och resekostnader, dvs. när man använder ett mått på levnadsstandard som även inkluderar kostnader? Rapporten finner

Förändrade livsmedelspriser och odlingsförutsättningar gör att jordbrukets inkomster varierar över tiden. Kraftigt sjunkande inkomster kan innebära att jordbrukare lämnar sektorn. Vid en allvarlig kris som riskerar att slå ut lönsamma företag och hota matproduktionen kan staten behöva gå in och ge stöd.I denna rapport diskuterar vi under vilka förutsättningar staten bör ge stöd och när jordbruket

En skillnad i lönsamhet mellan företag på landsbygden och företag i staden har uppkommit sedan början av 2000-talet. Ökad regional ojämlikhet bland företagen rimmar illa med målen för Sveriges nationella strategi för hållbar regional utveckling. Men vad beror lönsamhetsgapet mellan stad och land på? Vi finner att:Lönsamhetsgapet beror på att skattesystemet gynnar högkvalificerade företag som framf

Analyser av geografiska inkomstskillnader baseras ofta på jämförelser avgenomsnittsinkomster i olika delar av Sverige. Vi utgår i stället från ett longitudinellt perspektiv där disponibla inkomster för individer uppväxta i glesbygdrespektive storstad följs över tiden. De geografiska inkomstskillnaderna blir dåmindre och ökar inte entydigt över tid. Samtidigt syns stora skillnader mellanstannare oc

This dissertation explores the interplay between valuation and academic socialization, addressing the question: how do early career academics navigate evaluative landscapes? Having completed their doctoral education but yet to find stable employment, early career academics are generally viewed as the most vulnerable group of academic staff. Comparing how individuals within this group seek to demonThis dissertation explores the interplay between valuation and academic socialization, addressing the question: how do early career academics navigate evaluative landscapes? Having completed their doctoral education but yet to find stable employment, early career academics are generally viewed as the most vulnerable group of academic staff. Comparing how individuals within this group seek to demon

The ordinance provided the legal basis for the right to copy books in Denmark-Norway until 1814, and in Denmark it remained in force until 1857. It was not only the first general law of its kind in Scandinavia but also the first in Europe outside the British Isles. The commentary describes the background to the promulgation of the ordinance, with particular emphasis on the religious and market con

Danish and Norwegian legislation concerning censorship and print changed dramatically in the years between 1770 and 1773, following three distinct royal orders issued during and shortly after the German physician Johann Friedrich Struensee’s time in power at the Danish court. The Order of 14 September 1770 abolished, with one swift stroke, the old system of pre-publication censorship by expert rea

This short communication is concerned with long object shift of reflexives in Swedish. Only 3rd person reflexives can shift across their antecedent. For some reason this is possible even if the antecedent is 1st or 2nd person as well, but certain requirements on the antecedent are necessary. This paper shows that neither a purely syntactic nor a purely semantic analysis can account for all the fac

This paper presents a study on the interpretation of anaphoricreference to preceding quantified expressions in Serbian. Quantifiers notonly differ in the proportions they denote but also, depending on theirpolarity, in their properties of assigning referential focus. In an off-linejudgement task, we investigated the focus properties of four Serbianquantifiers. The results show that positive and ne

Objectives: The aim of this follow-up study was to investigate whether loneliness and social isolation in a sample of olderadults, mean age of 67.4 years at baseline examination, were associated with sleep disturbances at re-examination at a mean age of 76.4 years.Methods: The study sample consisted of 2897 participants. Data on loneliness, social isolation, and sleep disturbanceswere collected th

Psychopathic traits in childhood have been revealed as potential identifiers of risk, being predictive of later forms of behavioral maladjustment. Yet, it is still under debate how psychopathic traits in children should be best conceptualized and which are the core dimensions for construct definition and prediction. The present study aims to examine the structure of psychopathic traits in childhoo

Large amounts of cellulose-based waste textiles are generated every year, yet little is done to recycle this waste. Alternatives such as fiber-to-fiber recycling, where a significant part of the value of the waste textiles is recovered, are attractive possibilities. In this study, we have investigated the viability of using hydrated zinc chloride (ZnCl2·4H2O) as a solvent and swelling agent to con