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Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits
Almost all species face some degree of predation risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require resources, and the prevailing risk of becoming prey is influenced by many factors and rarely constant across time and space. Evolution has therefore favoured the development of phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator defences. The Almost all species face some degree of predation risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require resources, and the prevailing risk of becoming prey is influenced by many factors and rarely constant across time and space. Evolution has therefore favoured the development of phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator defences. The
Trumpismens rötter
Integrating the influence of weather into mechanistic models of butterfly movement
Background: Understanding the factors influencing movement is essential to forecasting species persistence in a changing environment. Movement is often studied using mechanistic models, extrapolating short-term observations of individuals to longer-term predictions, but the role of weather variables such as air temperature and solar radiation, key determinants of ectotherm activity, are generally
Data on the movement behaviour of four species of grassland butterfly
This Data in Brief article describes data on the movement behaviour of four species of grassland butterflies collected over three years and at four sites in southern England. The datasets consist of the movement tracks of Maniola jurtina, Aricia agestis, Pyronia tithonus, and Melanargia galathea, recorded using standard methods and presented as steps distances and turning angles. Sites consisted o
Elevated temperature increases genome-wide selection on de novo mutations
Adaptation in new environments depends on the amount of genetic variation available for evolution, and the efficacy by which natural selection discriminates among this variation. However, whether some ecological factors reveal more genetic variation, or impose stronger selection pressures than others, is typically not known. Here, we apply the enzyme kinetic theory to show that rising global tempe
Evaluating a trait-based approach to compare natural enemy and pest communities in agroforestry vs. arable systems
Diversified farming systems, for example those that incorporate agroforestry elements, have been proposed as a solution that could maintain and improve multiple ecosystem services. However, habitat diversification in and around arable fields has complex and inconsistent effects on invertebrate crop pests and their natural enemies. This hinders the development of policy recommendations to promote t
Cold spot microrefugia hold the key to survival for Brazil's Critically Endangered Araucaria tree
Brazil's Araucaria tree (Araucaria angustifolia) is an iconic living fossil and a defining element of the Atlantic Forest global biodiversity hotspot. But despite more than two millennia as a cultural icon in southern Brazil, Araucaria is on the brink of extinction, having lost 97% of its extent to 20th-century logging. Although logging is now illegal, 21st-century climate change constitutes a new
Effects of Temporal Expectations on the Perception of Motion Gestalts
Gestalt psychology has traditionally ignored the role of attention in perception, leading to the view that autonomous processes create perceptual configurations that are then attended. More recent research, however, has shown that spatial attention influences a form of Gestalt perception: the coherence of random-dot kinematograms (RDKs). Using ERPs, we investigated whether temporal expectations ex
Jaktgudinnan i drömmen
Bertil Mårtensson
Presentation av författaren, och lektorn i teoretisk filosofi, Bertil Mårtensson.
European Communion and Planetary Organic Crisis
The most common way of theorising the European Union’s crises is to see them as, at best, a run of ‘bad luck’, or at worst as ‘multiple challenges’. This chapter brings two very different perspectives to the study of the European Union (EU) and its crises by theorising European (dis)integration using the Critical Social Theory (CST) of ‘European communion’ (Manners, 2013a) within the context of ‘p
Galaxens snabbast växande språk
En översikt av det konstruerade språket klingonska från Star Trek.
Iranska regimens tentakler når ut till Europa och Sverige
Sverige måste revidera sin politik gentemot Iran. Samtidigt måste Säkerhetspolisen och Militära underrättelse- och säkerhetstjänsten få mer resurser för att kartlägga iranska operationer och aktiviteter i Sverige, skriver Ardavan Khoshnood.Sweden must revise its Iran policy. At the same time, the Swedish Security Police and the Military Intelligence and Security Service must be given more resources to map Iranian operations and activities in Sweden, writes Ardavan Khoshnood.
Bringing onco‐innovation to Europe’s healthcare systems : The potential of biomarker testing, real world evidence, tumour agnostic therapies to empower personalised medicine
Rapid and continuing advances in biomarker testing are not being matched by uptake in health systems, and this is hampering both patient care and innovation. It also risks costing health systems the opportunity to make their services more efficient and, over time, more economical. The potential that genomics has brought to biomarker testing in diagnosis, prediction and research is being realised,
Coupling ofN-tosylhydrazones with tetrazoles : synthesis of 2-β-d-glycopyranosylmethyl-5-substituted-2H-tetrazole type glycomimetics
Coupling reactions ofO-peracylated 2,6-anhydro-aldose tosylhydrazones (C-(β-d-glycopyranosyl)formaldehyde tosylhydrazones) with tetrazoles were studied under metal-free conditions using thermic or microwave activation in the presence of different bases. The reactions proved highly regioselective and gave the corresponding, up-to-now unknown 2-β-d-glycopyranosylmethyl-2H-tetrazoles in 7-67% yields.
Prevalence of exhaustion symptoms and associations with school level, length of work experience and gender: a nationwide cross-sectional study of Swedish principals
BACKGROUND: While poor mental health and psychiatric disorders attributed to stressful work conditions are a public health concern in many countries, the health consequences of the occupational stress experienced by school principals is an understudied issue. Although current data is lacking, some research suggests that principals have a stressful work situation that eventually may lead to burnout
Altered Tryptophan Catabolism in Placentas From Women With Pre-eclampsia
Background: The kynurenine pathway enzymes, breaking down tryptophan, are abundant in placental tissue. These metabolites are involved in immunoregulatory mechanisms, although the role of this pathway in pre-eclampsia (PE) has only begun to be characterized. Here, we determined tryptophan and metabolite levels together with the expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes and inflammatory factors in p
Philosophy of science for sustainability science
Sustainability science seeks to extend scientific investigation into domains characterized by a distinct problem-solving agenda, physical and social complexity, and complex moral and ethical landscapes. In this endeavor, it arguably pushes scientific investigation beyond its usual comfort zones, raising fundamental issues about how best to structure such investigation. Philosophers of science have
