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New digital technologies and systems are being extensively applied in urban contexts. These technologies and systems include algorithms, robotics, drones, Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and autonomous systems that can collectively be labelled as Artificial Intelligence (AI). Critical debates have recognized that these various forms of AI do not merely layer onto existing urban infrastructures, forms of

Phase field crystal (PFC) modeling has proved to be a versatile numerical tool in the analysis of crystalline microstructures. Most often, however, the focus is put on bulk crystal behavior, while crystal defects such as grain boundaries (GBs) are less explored. This is, in particular, the case for crystal structures beyond fcc and bcc. In this work, the possibilities and challenges in adopting PF

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of compartmental anisotropy on filtered exchange imaging (FEXI) in white matter (WM).THEORY AND METHODS: FEXI signals were measured using multiple combinations of diffusion filter and detection directions in five healthy volunteers. Additional filters, including a trace-weighted diffusion filter with trapezoidal gradients, a spherical b-tensor encoded diffusion

The ninetieth birthday of the last surviving founding father of post-WWII classical music is certainly reason enough for celebration, but what could the Lucerne Festival offer that has not already been covered by the many festivities that have taken place around the world? Fortunately, the festival has a trump card up its sleeve: the Lucerne Festival Academy, founded 11 years ago by Pierre Boulez

An atmosphere of sadness, anger and uncertainty dominated this year's Donaueschinger Musiktage. The passing in November 2014 of Armin Köhler, the artistic driving force behind the festival for the last 23 years, has left a hole that will be hard to fill. Meanwhile, due to state budget cuts Donaueschingen's orchestra-in-residence, the SWR Sinfonieorchester Freiburg und Baden-Baden, paid what will a

Creating a work today that claims to be encyclopedic is a daunting task. In the age of instant access to online resources and the pervasive reach of Wikipedia, what purpose can an old-fashioned encyclopedia seek to fulfil? In the case of The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Brass Instruments (part of an ongoing series of musical encyclopedias from CUP), the answer is evident after any casual conversation

Through his orchestral experimentation with acoustics and timbre, Richard Wagner is credited with conceptualizing, commissioning, and attempting to integrate several new labrosones into the orchestra. To greater or lesser extents, they all eventually failed to enter mainstream performance practice, but with one notable exception. Today, the contrabass tuba is a compulsory instrument for profession

This paper proposes an examination of the intersections of materiality, acoustics, and musical performance practice through the prism of instruments of the tuba family.[*] Investigation into the symbiotic relationship between instrumental evolution and performance practice is a crucial facet of any study of timbre and orchestration. The development of musical objects to produce the sound colors de

This chapter assess the state of brass instruments and their associated repertoire and performance practices in the early twenty-first century. Technological innovations and manufacturing developments from recent decades are outlined, as well an examination of how performance techniques have evolved and adapted to meet the demands of modern musicians. Finally, an overview is given of contemporary

Three quarters of all breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER, ESR1 gene), which promotes tumor growth and constitutes a direct target for endocrine therapies. ESR1 mutations have been implicated in therapy resistance in metastatic breast cancer, in particular to aromatase inhibitors. ESR1 mutations promote constitutive ER activity and affect other signaling pathways, allowing cancer cell

Bacterial or viral antigens can contain subdominant protein regions that elicit weak antibody responses upon vaccination or infection although there is accumulating evidence that antibody responses against subdominant regions can enhance the protective immune response. One proposed mechanism for subdominant protein regions is binding of host proteins that prevent antibody production against epitop