We use a novel method to define the R&D team and use the unexpected death of an R&D worker to study its effect on the organization of R&D teams in profit-making firms. Average treatment effects on exit probability, entry probability, wages of stayers, and characteristics of leavers are null. Hires are slightly younger in treatment than control. Treatment effects do not vary by the size

We examine the effects of the 1999 transition to full university of three former Swedish university colleges: Karlstad, Örebro, and Växjö on scientific output. This change was accompanied by a substantial increase in research funding. Scrutiny of the process reveals that the transition was far from obvious, allowing us to analyze the impact of increased research resources in a quasi-experimental s

Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a multidimensional concept which captures the individual’s perception of treatment burden. Evaluating HRQL during treatment for childhood cancer provides insight into the burden of the treatment from the child’s and/or parent’s perspective.In this review, we aimed to describe Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) used to measure HRQL during treatment, d

Background and objectives: We focus on the linkages between relocation, new forms of partner cohabitation, and retirement. What are the patterns and trajectories of moving in with a partner in retirement? How do older adults experience different transitions, place attachment, and placemaking when they move in with a partner? Research design and methods: In this qualitative study, 50 persons betwee

The idea of facilitating labour mobility for refugees as a pathway for admission is back on the policy agenda. Such complementary pathways are promoted in the Global Compact for Refugees as means to facilitate access to protection and solutions in addition to resettlement, and praised by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees as directly contributing to easing pressure on host countries by

When blame is understood to be emotion-based or affective, its emotional tone is standardly identified as one of anger. We argue that this conception of affective blame is overly restrictive. By attending to cases of blame that emerge against a background of a particular kind of hope invested in others, we identify a blaming response characterized not by anger but by sadness: reactive disappointme

This chapter introduces readers to the view that praise is a form of address, or is communicative in the sense of seeking uptake from its target. The proposal that praise is communicative will seem counterintuitive if we take blame to be our paradigm of what it is for a responsibility-response to be communicative. This is because blame is communicative in a manner that intuitively presupposes some

Alkali metals, mainly K and Na, which are present in solid fuels such as biomass and coal, play an important role during their thermal conversion, e.g., in combustion or gasification. At high temperatures, alkali elements will be released in gas phase as alkali atoms, alkali chlorides, alkali hydroxides and alkali sulphates. In biomass/coal-fired boilers, the release of these alkali species can ca

Dataflow is a Model of Computation (MoC) that describes applications as networks of actors. The CAL Actor Language (CAL) is one of the programming languages for describing such actors. A downside to CAL is that the actors and their networks are rigidly defined - it is not possible to have a parametric number of ports or actions in an actor. This makes it difficult to define flexible applications o

OBJECTIVES: Vasospastic angina (VSA) is a complex coronary vasomotor disorder associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death. Despite considerable advances in understanding VSA pathophysiology, the interplay between genetic and environmental factors remains elusive. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the familial VSA risk among first-degree relatives of affected indivi

Four new pentadentate N5-donor ligands, [N-(1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)methyl-N-(2-pyridyl)-methyl-N-(bis-2-pyridylmethyl)-amine] (L1), [N-bis(1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)methyl-N-(bis-2-pyridylmethyl)amine] (L2), (N-(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl)-1,1-di(pyridin-2-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine (L3) and N,N-bis(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl)-1,1-di(pyridin-2-yl)methanamine (L4), have been synthesized based on the

Ionomers based on poly(arylene piperidinium)s with varying ion exchange capacities are evaluated in different combinations of anode and cathode electrodes in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. The operational conditions are chosen with an asymmetrical regime including a dry anode with 50% relative humidity at the inlet, and full humidification at the cathode. Polarization and impedance measuremen

Life-history phenotypes emerge from clusters of traits that are the product of genes and phenotypic plasticity. If the impact of the environment differs substantially between traits, then life histories might not evolve as a cohesive whole. We quantified the sensitivity of components of the life history to food availability, a key environmental difference in the habitat occupied by contrasting eco

To understand mating-system evolution in self-compatible hermaphrodites, variation in selfing rates is highly relevant. Empirical studies are rarely designed to capture variation between individuals, instead often comparing species and populations. Yet, evolution primarily occurs within populations, rendering among-individual variation essential. Observed individual selfing rates depend on the env

In wild populations, large individuals have disproportionately higher reproductive output than smaller individuals. Some theoretical models explain this pattern—termed reproductive hyperallometry—by individuals allocating a greater fraction of available energy towards reproductive effort as they grow. Here, we propose a simple ecological explanation for this observation: differences between indivi