Autoantibodies to dense fine speckles 70 (DFS70) are purported to rule out the diagnosis of SLE when they occur in the absence of other SLE-related autoantibodies. This study is the first to report the prevalence of anti-DFS70 in an early, multinational inception SLE cohort and examine demographic, clinical, and autoantibody associations. Patients were enrolled in the Systemic Lupus International

This paper presents a robust phase-based positioningframework using a massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) system. The phase-based distance estimates of MPCstogether with other parameters are tracked with an ExtendedKalman Filter (EKF), the state dimension of which varies withthe birth-death processes of paths. The iterative maximumlikelihoodestimation algorithm (RIMAX) and the modeling of

In this paper we present a new method for creating polynomialsolvers for problems where a (possibly infinite) subsetof the solutions are undesirable or uninteresting. Thesesolutions typically arise from simplifications made duringmodeling, but can also come from degeneracies which areinherent to the geometry of the original problem.The proposed approach extends the standard action matrixmethod to

It has been proposed that the local segregation of kinases and the tyrosine phosphatase CD45 underpins T cell antigen receptor (TCR) triggering, but how such segregation occurs and whether it can initiate signaling is unclear. Using structural and biophysical analysis, we show that the extracellular region of CD45 is rigid and extends beyond the distance spanned by TCR-ligand complexes, implying t

Development of single-molecule localization microscopy techniques has allowed nanometre scale localization accuracy inside cells, permitting the resolution of ultra-fine cell structure and the elucidation of crucial molecular mechanisms. Application of these methodologies to understanding processes underlying DNA replication and repair has been limited to defined in vitro biochemical analysis and

An important and characteristic property of a cell membrane is the lateral mobility of protein molecules in the lipid bilayer. This has conventionally been measured by labeling the molecules with fluorescent markers and monitoring their mobility by different fluorescence-based techniques. However, adding the label to the studied molecule may affect the system, so it is an assumption in almost all

Using nanopipettes to locally deliver molecules to the surface of living cells could potentially open up studies of biological processes down to the level of single molecules. However, in order to achieve precise and quantitative local delivery it is essential to be able to determine the amount and distribution of the molecules being delivered. In this work, we investigate how the size of the nano

Single-molecule confocal microscopy experiments require concentrations which are low enough to guarantee that, on average, less than one single molecule resides in the probe volume at any given time. Such concentrations are, however, significantly lower than the dissociation constants of many biological complexes which can therefore dissociate under single-molecule conditions. To address the chall

We have applied surface-enhanced ellipsometry contrast (SEEC) imaging for time-resolved label-free visualization of biomolecular recognition events on spatially heterogeneous supported lipid bilayers (SLB). Using a conventional inverted microscope equipped with total internal reflection (TIR) illumination, biomolecular binding events were monitored with a lateral resolution near the optical diffra

Progress with respect to enrichment and separation of native membrane components in complex lipid environments, such as native cell membranes, has so far been very limited. The reason for the slow progress can be related to the lack of efficient means to generate continuous and laterally fluid supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) made from real cell membranes. We show in this work how the edge of a hyd

The separation of molecules residing in the cell membrane remains a largely unsolved problem in the fields of bioscience and biotechnology. We demonstrate how hydrodynamic forces can be used to both accumulate and separate membrane-bound proteins in their native state. A supported lipid bilayer (SLB) was formed inside a microfluidic channel with the two proteins streptavidin (SA) and cholera toxin

Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are one of the most common model systems for cell membrane studies. We have previously found that when applying a bulk flow of liquid above an SLB the lipid bilayer and its constituents move in the direction of the bulk flow in a rolling type of motion, with the lower monolayer being essentially stationary. In this study, a theoretical platform is developed to model