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Uncertainty analysis in integrated assessment: the users’ perspective. Regional Environmental Change
Integrated Assessment (IA) models aim at providing information- and decision-support to complex problems. This paper argues that uncertainty analysis in IA models should be user-driven in order to strengthen science–policy interaction. We suggest an approach to uncertainty analysis that starts with investigating model users’ demands for uncertainty information. These demands are called “uncertaint
Small Randomized Trial Among Low-Birth-Weight Children Receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccination First Health Center Contact
A total of 105 low-birth-weight children presenting for first vaccination were randomized to receive bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immediately or later (current practice). The mortality rate ratio for BCG was 0.17 (95% CI = 0.02-1.35) within 3 days of enrollment, 0.28 (0.06-1.37) in the first month, and 0.27 (0.07-0.98) after 2 months of age. The mortality rate ratio was 0.41 (0.14-1.18) (P = 0.0
Drug Compound Characterization by Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Cancer Tissue
MALDI Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides a technology platform that allows the accurate visualization of unlabeled small molecules within the two-dimensional spaces of tissue samples. MSI has proven to be a powerful tool-box concept in the development of new drugs. MSI allows unlabeled drug compounds and drug metabolites to be detected and identified and quantified according to their mass-to
Operator identities for standard weighted Bergman shift and Toeplitz operators
We prove an operator identity for the shift operator in the scale of standard weighted Bergman spaces in the unit disc. This operator identity is then applied in the context of functional calculus for the shift operator and a characterization of harmonic symbol Bergman space Toeplitz operators is obtained generalizing an earlier result by Louhichi and Olofsson. Duality arguments lead to operator i
Effects of lure type, fish size and water temperature on hooking location and bleeding in northern pike (Esox lucius) angled in the Baltic Sea
In recreational fishing, catch and release (C&R), where fish are released alive after capture, is commonly adopted to minimize fishing mortality. Injuries from hooking and the mode of de-hooking can affect survival probability, and the choice of angling gear can affect injury severity. We show for C&R angling for northern pike (Esox lucius) in the Baltic Sea that hooking location and size
Boosting chaperone-mediated autophagy in vivo mitigates alpha-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration
alpha-Synuclein levels are critical to Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Wild-type alpha-synuclein is degraded partly by chaperone-mediated autophagy, and aberrant alpha-synuclein may act as an inhibitor of the pathway. To address whether the induction of chaperone-mediated autophagy may represent a potential therapy against alpha-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity, we overexpressed lysosomal-associa
Technological Change and Geographical Reallocation of Labour: On the Role of Leading Industries
This paper analyses inter-regional labour reallocation in Sweden over the period 1985–2008 and assesses the effects of technology-induced structural change on the ability of regions to attract and retain workers. The findings suggest that (1) the regional presence of leading industries associated with technological change has a significant effect; (2) the importance of leading industries is of dyn
Specialization of Mutualistic Interaction Networks Decreases toward Tropical Latitudes
Species-rich tropical communities are expected to be more specialized than their temperate counterparts [1-3]. Several studies have reported increasing biotic specialization toward the tropics [4-7], whereas others have not found latitudinal trends once accounting for sampling bias [8, 9] or differences in plant diversity [10, 11]. Thus, the direction of the latitudinal Specialization gradient rem
Now We Are Indígenas! Hegemony and indigeneity in the Bolivian Andes
This article explores the ever-shifting semantics and semiotics of the concept “indígena” in the Bolivian Andes, and argues that “indigeneity” is charged with different meanings by different actors in changing contexts of territorial and social struggles and state governance. The article focuses on the discourse and politics of the indigenous Andean organization CONAMAQ and its response to changi
To harm or not to harm? On the evolution and expression of virulence in group A streptococci.
Group A streptococci (GAS) cause three different types of infection (sensu lato) with distinct levels of virulence: asymptomatic colonization, superficial symptomatic infection, and invasive infection. To address why this pattern with several infection types has evolved, we combine mechanistic understanding from infection medicine with recent theory from evolutionary ecology. We propose that asymp
Wound dehiscence: outcome comparison for sutured and mesh reconstructed patients
Treatment guidelines for abdominal wound dehiscence (WD) are lacking. The primary aim of the study was to compare suture to mesh repair in WD patients concerning incisional hernia incidence. Secondary aims were to compare recurrent WD, morbidity, mortality and long-term abdominal wall complaints. A retrospective chart review of 46 consecutive patients operated for WD between January 2010 and Augus
From proprietary to personalized higher education-how OER takes universities outside the comfort zone
Present trends in the mainstream adoption of educational technology coupled to the increased acceptance and adoption of openness in terms of sharing resources and open access force higher education into a radical rethink of its structures and educational strategies. This article examines the current shift in focus from the simple production and sharing of open educational resources (OER) towards w
A Diels-Alder Approach to a Communesin Model: A/B-Cyclization Route
Compound 3, a model system for communesin F, was approached by using a Diels-Alder reaction for the introduction of the vicinal quaternary stereocentres. Subsequent introduction of A/B-ring system followed by D/E-ring closure gave hexacyclic system 22. All attempts to reduce this material to give compound 3 were, however, unproductive.
Laboratory aspects of von Willebrand disease : test repertoire and options for activity assays and genetic analysis
The deficiency or abnormal function of von Willebrand factor (VWF) causes von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most frequent inherited bleeding disorder. The laboratory diagnosis of VWD can be difficult as the disease is heterogeneous and an array of assays is required to describe the phenotype. Basic classification of quantitative (type 1 and 3) and qualitative (type 2) VWD variants requires determi
Heparin does not seem to improve the function of pulmonary grafts for lung transplantation.
Abstract Background. It has been debated whether or not heparin infusion before or after non-heart-beating donors are declared dead improves the quality of pulmonary grafts. In clinical lung transplantation with heart-beating donors (HBDs) heparin is routinely infused prior to organ harvesting since it is believed to improve pulmonary grafts by minimizing thrombosis formation in the pulmonary graf
The relationship between longitudinal, lateral, and septal contribution to stroke volume in patients with pulmonary regurgitation and healthy volunteers
Septal systolic motion is towards the left ventricle (LV) in healthy hearts. Patients with pulmonary regurgitation (PR) and right ventricular (RV) volume overload have systolic septal motion toward the RV. This may affect the longitudinal contribution from atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) and septal and lateral contribution to stroke volume (SV). The study aimed to quantify these contrib
Effect of jumps on causation patterns: an international investigation
In this paper, we discuss the effects of jumps in data on causation pattern both in mean and variance. Our data consist of daily stock returns of four countries: the US, the UK, Japan and Sweden and used for empirical investigation. A test proposed by Cheung and Ng (1996) and Hong (2001) is used for testing volatility spillover. We find significant evidence of jump spillover. It is shown that the
Phenotypic and Histopathological Tumor Characteristics According to CDKN2A Mutation Status among Affected Members of Melanoma Families.
Characterization of Lewy body pathology in 12- and 16-year-old intrastriatal mesencephalic grafts surviving in a patient with Parkinson's disease.
We previously reported the occurrence of Lewy bodies in grafted human fetal mesencephalic neurons in two patients with Parkinson's disease. Here, we have used immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to characterize the development of Lewy bodies in one of these cases. This patient was operated in putamen on both sides at 12 or 16 years before death, respectively. We demonstrate that 2% of the
