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We present a novel approach to model the diffusion of a mutant in a geographical network. This is a key issue in the control of epidemics, since many diseases are transmitted by intermediate hosts that could be substituted with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) with a mutation that prevents them from spreading the pathogen. The main strength of our model lies in making analytically tractable t
Remote sensing is a key tool for precision agriculture applications as it is capable of capturing spatial and temporal variations in crop status. However, satellites often have an inadequate spatial resolution for precision agriculture applications. High-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) imagery can be obtained at flexible dates, but operational costs may limit the collection frequency. Th
Cold-season methane (CH4) emissions may be poorly constrained in wetland models. We examined cold-season CH4 emissions simulated by 16 models participating in the Global Carbon Project model intercomparison and analyzed temporal and spatial patterns in simulation results using prescribed inundation data for 2000–2020. Estimated annual CH4 emissions from northern (>60°N) wetlands averaged 10.0 ± 5.
The rainfall product derived from the SM2RAIN (Soil Moisture to Rain) algorithm has been widely used. However, there is still a large uncertainty partly due to the soil moisture input and parameters estimation of the SM2RAIN algorithm, which limits the application of the model in alpine regions. Here, the SM2RAIN-BayesOpt algorithm was developed by integrating the SM2RAIN algorithm and Bayesian op
In control theory there exist two convenient representations of a model, which are transfer functions and state-space matrices. However, structure in the transfer functions is not clearly seen in the state-space form, and on the other hand structure in the state-space form is not clearly seen in the transfer functions. The main reason for this is that Laplace transformation destroys most types of
Accurate modelling of long-term changes in plant stomatal functioning is vital to global climate change studies because changes in evapotranspiration influence temperature via physiological forcing of the climate. Various stomatal models are included in land surface schemes, but their robustness over longer timescales is difficult to validate. We compare the performance of three stomatal models, v
In this theoretical paper we consider the problem of accurately triangulating a scene plane. Rather than first triangulating a set of points and then fitting a plane to these points, we try to minimize the back-projection errors as functions of the plane parameters directly. As this is both geometrically and statistically meaningful our method performs better than the standard two step procedure.
Stochastic optimal power flow can provide the system operator with adequate strategies for controlling the power flow to maintain secure operation under stochastic parameter variations. One limitation of stochastic optimal power flow has been that only steady-state variable limits have been used as security constraints. In many systems voltage stability and small-signal stability also play an impo
Precision agriculture requires detailed crop status information at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Remote sensing can provide such information, but single sensor observations are often incapable of meeting all data requirements. Spectral-temporal response surfaces (STRSs) provide continuous reflectance spectra at high temporal intervals. This is the first study to combine multispectral sate
The rate of constitutive isoprenoid emissions from plants is driven by plant emission capacity under specified environmental conditions (E-S, the emission factor) and by responsiveness of the emissions to instantaneous variations in environment. In models of isoprenoid emission, E-S has been often considered as intrinsic species-specific constant invariable in time and space. Here we analyze the v
Nowadays, the same piece of code should run on different architectures, providing performance guarantees in a variety of environments and situations. To this end, designers often integrate existing systems with ad-hoc adaptive strategies able to tune specific parameters that impact performance or energy—for example, frequency scaling. However, these strategies interfere with one another and unpred
Title: Using scenarios to balance future requirements and capability development Author: Erik Jacobsson Division: Production Management Supervisors: Bertil Nilsson at the Technical Faculty of Lund University, Innovation Advisor at the case company Keywords: Scenarios, Corporate development, Energy Sector, Capabilities, Technology Background: The speed of change in the world is ever increasing
AI tar oss ett steg närmare en lösning till gåtan bakom flexibla proteiner Proteiner är byggstenarna till det mikroskopiska maskineri som utför i stort sett alla biologiska processer i naturen. När vi vill utveckla läkemedel för att lösa problem som kan uppstå i maskineriet eller bekämpa angripande patogener är förståelse av proteiners 3-dimensionella struktur ovärderlig. Visualisering av proteinThe deep learning revolution has contributed to a great leap in protein structure prediction, but predicting the multiple conformational states that proteins can hold remains an open problem. This thesis approaches this problem through the use of MSA Transformer, a protein language model pre-trained on multiple sequence alignments, that has demonstrated the ability to learn protein properties such
Förevarande uppsats syftar till att utreda vilka drivkrafter som föregick och motiverade rättsutvecklingen inom prostitutionslagstiftningen mellan åren 1850 och 1999. Därtill redogör uppsatsen för hur statsmaktens inställning gentemot prostitution och prostituerade kvinnor tog sig uttryck i den legisla-tiva utvecklingsprocessen. Arbetet har genomförts med hjälp av en rättshisto-risk metod för att This paper aims to investigate the driving forces that preceded and motivated the developments of the law in legislation concerning prostitution between the years of 1850 and 1999 in Sweden. Further more, the paper describes how the state's attitude towards prostitution and prostituted women was expressed in the legislative development process. The work has been undertaken using a legal-histor
Snö. Vid en första anblick upplevs ett snötäckt landskap som kallt, livlöst och förödande. Varje år förbereder sig landskapet för vintern genom att tappa löv, gå i ide eller förflytta sig söderut. Tyvärr är det dock få som vet hur viktig snön är för vår existens. En snörik eller en torr vinter formar sommaren. Snötäcket hjälper till att bevara fukten i jorden och kan förebygga de kraftiga skogsbräSnow. At first sight a snow-covered landscape is considered cold, lifeless and destructive. Each year the landscape prepares for the winter by losing its leaves, going into hibernating or moving to a warmer climate. Snow is far from being just a lifeless white powder covering the ground. Unfortunately, only a few people know how important snow is for our existence. The previous winter season molds
One of the most challenging problems in paleoclimate research is how orbital cyclicities forced Earth’s climate variations during the late Quaternary. To address this issue, we investigated the differences in silicate weathering, a sensitive climate indicator, at different latitudes on orbital timescales by examining geochemical and clay mineral data from the mid-latitude Sea of Okhotsk and integr
In this paper, we present a framework to identify discrete-time, single-input/single-output, switched linear systems (SISO-SLSs) from input–output data measurements. Continuous state is not assumed to be measured. The key step is a deadbeat observer-based transformation of the SLS model to a switched auto-regressive with exogenous input (SARX) model. Discrete states are estimated by a three-stage
Det har skrivits mycket om Karen Blixen genom åren, både av danska, svenska och engelsktalande författare. Hennes liv och författarskap har fascinerat många, så även mig. I min uppsats kommer jag att ta fasta på några frågeställningar med anknytning till Den afrikanske farm. Ett syfte är att belysa genreproblematiken, och svårigheten att sätta in Den afrikanske farm i något av de vedertagna genre
