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In acetonitrile, polyisoprene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PI−PMMA) diblock copolymers form starlike micelles with a dense core of the insoluble PI blocks and a soft solvent-swollen corona of the soluble PMMA blocks. Static and dynamic light scattering experiments in combination with viscosity measurements show that these micelles behave hydrodynamically as hard spheres. The block copolymers are l

Earlier studies have demonstrated an important role for the chemokine CCL25, and its receptor CCR9, in the generation of the small intestinal lymphocyte compartment. The work in this thesis was aimed at determining how CCL25 is regulated within the small intestinal mucosa, and what potential role it plays in T cell localization to and function within this site. We have identified epithelial cells

The identification of genes underlying quantitative-trait loci (QTL) for complex diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, is a challenging and difficult task for the human genome project. Through positional cloning of the Pia4 QTL in rats, we found that a naturally occurring polymorphism of Ncf1 (encoding neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, a component of the NADPH oxidase complex) regulates arthritis s

When a Virtual Environment (VE) is designed, decisions regarding the navigation of the viewpoint, interaction with objects, and the behavior of the VE itself are made. Each of these can affect the usability and the cognitive load on the user. A VE that had previously been constructed as a prototype tool for the assessment of brain injury has been studied to establish the consequences of such desig

Steady flow in axial one-stage turbines is assessed numerically and experimentally. The simulations are performed on coarse meshes using a standard numerical approach (3D, steady state, kε-turbulence model, wall function at solid boundaries). In order to allow for conclusions drawn from these rapid numerical studies, the approach was compared with an explicit LDA (Laser Doppler anemometry) mapping

The development of a common data base system for wastewater treatment operating data evaluation is discussed. Data records from wastewater treatment plants which have been converted into standard files in a common data base are used as a case study. Advanced programs for data analysis and simulation have been used to evaluate the data in the common data base. The paper discusses software standardi

Background: A polymorphism in the activating component of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex, neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCFI), has previously been identified as a regulator of arthritis severity in mice and rats. This discovery resulted in a search for NADPH oxidase- activating substances as a potential new approach to treat autoimmune disorders such as rh

Nordatlantiska Oscillationen (NAO) är ett atmosfäriskt cirkulationsfenomen som kännetecknas av skillnader i havsnivåtryck mellan högtrycksområdet vid Azorerna och lågtrycksområdet över Island. NAO varierar mellan en positiv och negativ fas beroende på hur väl utvecklade dessa högtrycksområden är. NAO har visat sig ha stor påverkan på vinterklimatet på norra halvklotet eftersom den påverkar temperaThe North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is an atmospheric circulation phenomenon, characterized by differences in sea level pressure between the Azores high- and the Icelandic low pressure systems. The NAO fluc-tuates between a positive and a negative phase depending on how well developed these pressure systems are. The NAO has a great impact on northern hemisphere winter climate since it affects tem

I Östkinesiska havet finns en avlägset belägen ögrupp bestående av fem öar och tre karga klippor. Ögruppen utgörs av en nödtorftig vegetation och det förefaller inte finnas något sötvatten. På grund av ögruppens ogästvänliga egenskaper har öarna genom historien ansetts vara av mycket litet ekonomiskt värde och de har sedan urminnes tider, bortsett från en kortare period i början av 1900-talet, varSituated in the East China Sea lays a remotely located island group consisting of five small islands and three barren rocks. The islands sustain scarce vegetation and there’s most likely no fresh water on the islands. Due to their inhospitable character, the islands have historically been considered to be of little economic value and they have since ancient times, apart from a short period during

This thesis explores the diversionary use of force in the context of The United Kingdom. Building on theory that suggests that diversionary tactics are most likely when domestic turmoil affects the core constituents of the incumbent party, I operationalize domestic turmoil as macroeconomic conditions that disfavor the core constituents of the incumbent party and test its effects on the initiation,

In general, non-government organizations (NGOs) are regarded as charity and humanitarian advocacy agents in developing and developed countries. With globalization, NGOs have been influenced by commercialization and some of them started to run commercial activities. This essay studies whether commercialization plays a major role for NGOs in making them sustainable over time in Sweden. I have interv

In Sweden, household waste is separated at the source, making the success of the recycling system largely depending on the active participation of households. In a well-established recycling system with functioning recycling infrastructure and information, the conditions for ‘recyclers’ and ‘non-recyclers’ are akin, indicating the external conditions, recycling infrastructure and information, not

American consumption based lifestyles have a grave impact on the environment and personal wellbeing of Americans, creating unhealthy consumption patterns, unforeseen negative effects on individuals, and ultimately unsustainable lifestyles overall. Voluntary simplicity (VS), or individuals who resist consumerist tendencies seeking a higher quality of life through simplicity, is an answer to these c

With the wide-ranging crisis in Venezuela exacerbating since 2014 and Chile consolidating its leading economic position within Latin America, the number of Venezuelan immigrants in Chile has significantly grown. This paper aims to understand the push and pull factors of Venezuelans migrating to Chile and their perceived integration. The broader purpose is to better understand the push and pull fac

Businesses are increasingly attracted to Emerging Markets due to the potential of increased demand for goods and services, driven mostly by macroeconomic trends in the external business environment. However, the business model approach for emerging markets differs from the one for developed markets as they are faced with a different set of demand and supply conditions. The purpose of this study is

Reduced growth rates in saturated developed economies have put increasing pressure on multinational companies (MNCs) to expand to rapidly developing emerging markets and capitalize on their value potential. Yet, this value potential comes with several challenges which are very different from what firms experience in developed countries, especially with regards to the bottom of the pyramid. The Tra

A specific motif depicting death is the personification of death in combination with a young woman. This constellation is usually referred to as “Death and the Maiden”. The motif’s origins lie around the 16th century but was given a special revival a few centuries later. The main aim of this study is to examine the motif of Death and the Maiden, both with regard to its historical origin and how i

The meaning of human rights locally can vary depending on a city's context. Therefore, the approaches of working with human rights locally can differ. Swedish municipalities tend to lack a structure of approaching human rights. However, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) is about to publish a framework for how European human rights cities can approach human rights. This t

Fiji has been plagued with issues hindering its economic development. Having experienced 4 coup d’états in the last 40 years owing to tension between the countries’ two majority ethnic groups, Fiji has developed a reputation for political instability. Lacklustre growth, weak structural transformation, and limited economic diversification have led to increased poverty levels. With the Covid-19 pand